Hidden Caliphate - Sufi Saints beyond the Oxus and Indus

Waleed Ziad examines the development of Sufi-led Muslim revivalist networks. From the eighteenth to the twentieth centuries, Naqshbandi-Mujaddidi Sufis inspired reformist movements and articulated responses to the fracturing of Muslim political power. They fostered a "hidden caliphate" that sustained cohesion from Afghanistan to Siberia and China.