Mathematical Modeling in the Life Sciences - Symomath 2025, Surabaya, Indonesia, July 29–30

This book gathers papers presented at the 12th International Symposium on Biomathematics (Symomath 2025), held at the Faculty of Science and Technology, Airlangga University, Indonesia, on July 29–30, 2025. The works included in this book cover the fields of mathematical modeling in the life sciences, including mathematical, statistical, and computational approaches to complex problems in biology, medicine, epidemiology, ecology, environmental science, and related disciplines. Annually held since 2013, the International Symposium on Biomathematics is organized by the Indonesian Bio-Mathematical Society. As a multidisciplinary forum, this symposium serves as a meeting place to enhance scientific exchange and collaboration among researchers, students, and industrial practitioners.