This volume includes seven chapters that detail advances in cancer research. Chapter 1 provides an updated review based on the available knowledge about human papillomavirus (HPV) and its relationship with lesions in the oral cavity, especially oral and oropharyngeal carcinoma. Chapter 2 presents emerging immunotherapeutic approaches that focus on targeting alternative inhibitory receptors (LAG-3, TIGIT, TIM-3), suppressive myeloid cell pathways (CSF-1R, CD47), and metabolic checkpoints (IDO1, CD39, CD73) which contribute to immune evasion. Chapter 3 discusses the main advantages and disadvantages of 2D versus 3D cultures in the discovery and development of compounds with antitumor activity. Chapter 4 demonstrates how the integration of chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and immunotherapy can facilitate the development of synergistic treatment regimens, which may enhance therapeutic efficacy, reduce resistance and ultimately improve patient outcomes in the context of solid tumors management. Chapter 5 intends to summarise in vitro models used to study the physiological mechanisms associated with CAC, scrutinise their strengths and limitations as suitable research models, and shine a light on advanced and innovative techniques. Chapter 6 explores different routes of administration for anticancer drug, drug delivery strategies, and nanotherapeutics approaches, offering insights into combating colorectal cancer effectively. Finally, Chapter 7 aims to assess the quality of life of patients with breast cancer after nutritional counseling in Nepal.
