The book explores the transformation and eventual dismissal of the reform intentions following the 2011 Uprisings, highlighting the shift toward survival struggles and the normalization of authoritarian regimes. It features diverse perspectives from activists, political leaders and ordinary citizens in Bahrain and Syria, humanizing the narrative by showcasing personal experiences related to the Uprisings. This book examines the complex dynamics of sectarian identities during pivotal state formation processes and uprisings, analyzing how securitization and de-securitization have influenced political landscapes in Bahrain and Syria. Additionally, the book provides essential historical context for understanding the emergence of the Arab Uprisings by tracing the roots of political discontent, sectarian tensions, and socioeconomic grievances. A deep historical analysis, the book will serve as a valuable resource for academics, students and policymakers in Middle Eastern studies, Asian studies, politics and international relations.
