Petrochemical refineries are one of the largest consumers of industrial freshwater worldwide and 80-90% of the water they are supplied ends up as wastewater containing complex toxic, carcinogenic and biologically recalcitrant effluents. Discharging these effluents untreated can lead to severe ecological degradation and represents a lost opportunity for water reuse and resource recovery. While conventional physical, chemical and biological treatment systems have been widely applied to treat these compounds, such technologies have limitations and this book provides a comprehensive and critical overview of emerging technologies and innovative trends for the treatment of petrochemical wastewater. It thus reviews developments in advanced oxidation processes, photocatalytic degradation, electrochemical systems, membrane-based technologies and microbial bioremediation. It also examines the transition toward hybrid and integrated systems that combine physical, chemical and biological methods to enhance efficiency and achieve compliance with strict discharge regulations. With emphasis on the different environmental frameworks for resource recovery and including case studies from both laboratory and full-scale industrial applications, the book highlights pathways to bridge the gap between research and practice. This book is a vital resource for environmental scientists, chemical engineers, industry practitioners, policymakers, postgraduate researchers and students working in industrial wastewater management. It serves as a reference guide for designing practical treatment systems in the petrochemical sector that are economically and environmentally sustainable.
